The Turkey-Russia Relationship in Historical Perspective: Patterns, Change and Contrast

Abstract

This paper aims to offer a general analysis of relations between Turkey and Russia since the late eighteenth century. rather than new or original information. It proposes a model of the relationship based on three broad patterns: (i) a multipolar system with shifting alliances (1798-1841): (ii) alliance within a bipolar system (1841-78 and 1952-91): (iii) phases of uncertain détente (1878-1914, 1921-39 and 1991 to the present). In discussing the most recent period, it concludes that the Russian invasion of the Ukraine and the continuing war raises serious doubts about the viability of current Turkish strategy.

Keywords

Turkish-Russian Relations, straits, alliance, détente, multipolar

Citation

William Hale, “The Turkey-Russia Relationship in Historical Perspective: Patterns, Change and Contrast”, International Relations, Vol. 20, No 78, 2023, pp. 43-58, DOI: 10.33458/uidergisi.1284191

Affiliations

• William HALE, Emeritus Professor, School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), London University